Zod 4 schema validation patterns. Trigger: When creating or updating Zod v4 schemas for validation/parsing (forms, request payloads, adapters), including v3 -> v4 migration patterns.
View on GitHubJanuary 21, 2026
Select agents to install to:
npx add-skill https://github.com/prowler-cloud/prowler/blob/f39a82fdf4d7073640d13507703d0144941d07ca/skills/zod-4/SKILL.md -a claude-code --skill zod-4Installation paths:
.claude/skills/zod-4/## Breaking Changes from Zod 3
```typescript
// ❌ Zod 3 (OLD)
z.string().email()
z.string().uuid()
z.string().url()
z.string().nonempty()
z.object({ name: z.string() }).required_error("Required")
// ✅ Zod 4 (NEW)
z.email()
z.uuid()
z.url()
z.string().min(1)
z.object({ name: z.string() }, { error: "Required" })
```
## Basic Schemas
```typescript
import { z } from "zod";
// Primitives
const stringSchema = z.string();
const numberSchema = z.number();
const booleanSchema = z.boolean();
const dateSchema = z.date();
// Top-level validators (Zod 4)
const emailSchema = z.email();
const uuidSchema = z.uuid();
const urlSchema = z.url();
// With constraints
const nameSchema = z.string().min(1).max(100);
const ageSchema = z.number().int().positive().max(150);
const priceSchema = z.number().min(0).multipleOf(0.01);
```
## Object Schemas
```typescript
const userSchema = z.object({
id: z.uuid(),
email: z.email({ error: "Invalid email address" }),
name: z.string().min(1, { error: "Name is required" }),
age: z.number().int().positive().optional(),
role: z.enum(["admin", "user", "guest"]),
metadata: z.record(z.string(), z.unknown()).optional(),
});
type User = z.infer<typeof userSchema>;
// Parsing
const user = userSchema.parse(data); // Throws on error
const result = userSchema.safeParse(data); // Returns { success, data/error }
if (result.success) {
console.log(result.data);
} else {
console.log(result.error.issues);
}
```
## Arrays and Records
```typescript
// Arrays
const tagsSchema = z.array(z.string()).min(1).max(10);
const numbersSchema = z.array(z.number()).nonempty();
// Records (objects with dynamic keys)
const scoresSchema = z.record(z.string(), z.number());
// { [key: string]: number }
// Tuples
const coordinatesSchema = z.tuple([z.number(), z.number()]);
// [number, number]
```
## Unions and Discriminated Unions
```typescript
// Simple union
const stringOrNumber = z.union([z.string(), z.number()]);
// Discriminated union (more efficie