hono-routing

# Hono Routing & Middleware

**Status**: Production Ready ✅
**Last Updated**: 2026-01-20
**Dependencies**: None (framework-agnostic)
**Latest Versions**: hono@4.11.4, zod@4.3.5, valibot@1.2.0, @hono/zod-validator@0.7.6, @hono/valibot-validator@0.6.1

---

## Quick Start (15 Minutes)

### 1. Install Hono

```bash
npm install hono@4.11.4
```

**Why Hono:**
- **Fast**: Built on Web Standards, runs on any JavaScript runtime
- **Lightweight**: ~10KB, no dependencies
- **Type-safe**: Full TypeScript support with type inference
- **Flexible**: Works on Cloudflare Workers, Deno, Bun, Node.js, Vercel

### 2. Create Basic App

```typescript
import { Hono } from 'hono'

const app = new Hono()

app.get('/', (c) => {
  return c.json({ message: 'Hello Hono!' })
})

export default app
```

**CRITICAL:**
- Use `c.json()`, `c.text()`, `c.html()` for responses
- Return the response (don't use `res.send()` like Express)
- Export app for runtime (Cloudflare Workers, Deno, Bun, Node.js)

### 3. Add Request Validation

```bash
npm install zod@4.3.5 @hono/zod-validator@0.7.6
```

```typescript
import { zValidator } from '@hono/zod-validator'
import { z } from 'zod'

const schema = z.object({
  name: z.string(),
  age: z.number(),
})

app.post('/user', zValidator('json', schema), (c) => {
  const data = c.req.valid('json')
  return c.json({ success: true, data })
})
```

**Why Validation:**
- Type-safe request data
- Automatic error responses
- Runtime validation, not just TypeScript

---

## The 4-Part Hono Mastery Guide

### Part 1: Routing Patterns

#### Route Parameters

```typescript
// Single parameter
app.get('/users/:id', (c) => {
  const id = c.req.param('id')
  return c.json({ userId: id })
})

// Multiple parameters
app.get('/posts/:postId/comments/:commentId', (c) => {
  const { postId, commentId } = c.req.param()
  return c.json({ postId, commentId })
})

// Optional parameters (using wildcards)
app.get('/files/*', (c) => {
  const path = c.req.param('*')
  return c.json({ fil